What is indicated by a "sign" in a medical examination?

In a medical examination, a "sign" refers to an observable indication of a medical condition that can be recognized by the examiner through physical examination, diagnostic tests, or observation. This can include visible symptoms, measurable data, or abnormalities such as rash, swelling, elevated blood pressure, or abnormal lab results. These signs are objective findings that help healthcare professionals make diagnoses and determine appropriate treatments.

In contrast, a report of discomfort or pain provided by the patient is termed a "symptom," which is subjective and may vary from one patient to another. Medications prescribed to treat symptoms relate to treatment rather than indicators of a condition. Lastly, a family history of illness provides context but does not serve as an observable sign present during a physical examination. Therefore, the definition that encompasses measurable or visible changes in the body, as indicated by the correct choice, embodies the essence of what a "sign" is in a medical context.